MSOs have come to play an increasingly important role in the operations of healthcare entities and have become a means for non-healthcare professionals to make a meaningful contribution to the industry.   The use of MSOs, however, is subject to a minefield of rules and regulations, both at the federal and state level, which require expert guidance for both licensed professionals and MSO owners and operators.  Such guidance must include, among others, matters related to the structure of the organization of the MSO relationship, the specific terms and conditions of agreements between the MSO and healthcare entities and billing and collection concerns.